Grammar
Please choose.
1
...wa ...desu. (... is ...)
...wa ...desu ka. (Is ...?)
dochira (where)
2
Kore wa ...desu / ...ja arimasen. (This is/isn't ...)
...no ... ('s; of)
denwa bangou (0,1,2...9) (telephone number)
3
...ji ...fun (time)
...kara ...made (from ... to ...)
10-100 (numbers)
itsu (when)
4
kore / sore / are (this/that)
[noun]o kudasai / onegaishimasu ([nonu], please.)
...hyaku / ...sen / ...man (hundred, thousand, ten thousand)
ikura (how much)
5
...wa [place]desu. (... is on/at/in ...)
kono... / sono... / ano... (this .../that ...)
[object]o [quantity] kudasai.
1-mai / 1-pon / hitotsu (counters)
dore (which)
doko (where)
6
[place/event]ni ikimasu / kimasu (go/come to ...)
...to (with ...)
kinou / kyou / ashita
senshuu / konshuu / raishuu
sengetsu / kongetsu / raigetsu
kyonen / kotoshi / rainen
hitori de (alone)
...ne. (agreement)
7
[time]ni (at ...)
...de ikimasu (go by ...)
...nen ...gatsu ...nichi (year/month/day)
l
...youbi (day of the week)
8
[place/event]de [object]o [verb].
...masu / ...masen / ...mashita / ...masendeshita
nanimo ...masen (not ... anything)
hitori, futari, san-nin (counter)
9
[person/place]ni [object]o [verb].
mai... (every ...)
itsumo / yoku / tokidoki / amari ...masen / zenzen ...masen
otousan/chichi, okaasan/haha,
10
takaidesu / takakunaidesu
shizuka desu / shizuka ja arimasen
totemo / sukoshi / amari / zenzen (extent)
donna ... (what kind of ...)
11
takakatta desu / takakunakatta desu
shizuka deshita / shizuka ja arimasendeshita
...ga, ... (but ...)
donokurai/donogurai
12
[place]ni [noun]ga arimsasu / imasu
daremo ...masen (no one ...)
ue / shita / naka/ mae / ushiro / tonari / chikaku
...ya (and so on)
...yo. (telling)
13
[place]ni [noun]ga [quantity] arimasu/imasu
[noun]wa [place]ni arimasu/imasu ([noun] is/are on/in ...)
takusan (many)
14
agemasu / moraimasu (give/receive)
kashimasu / karimasu (lend/borrow)
...wa ...ga arimasu/imasu. ([person] have/has ...)
...kara. (Because ...)
15
...wa [noun]ga suki desu / jouzu desu.
Verb dictionary form
...wa [Verb dictionary form]no ga suki desu. (like ...ing)
16
[place]de [event]ga arimasu. (There is ... at ...)
...masen ka. (Will you ...?)
...mashou. (Let's ...)
...kara, ... (..., so ...; because ...)
17
...tai desu / ...takunai desu.
[noun]no mae ni (before ...)
[verb dictionary form]mae ni (before ...ing)
18
Verb te-form
...te, ... (..., and then ...)
[noun]no ato(de) (after ...)
19
...te kudasai. (Please do ...)
...de (by means of ...)
...o magarimasu. (turn ...)
20
...de ...ni norimasu/orimasu.
douyatte (how)
[time period] kakarimasu. (take)
ichijikan / ichinichi / isshuukan / ikkagetsu / ichinen
21
...te mo iidesu ka. (May I ...?)
...wa ...ga [adjective].
(Watashi wa) [body part]ga itai desu. (hurt; sore; painful)
22
Verb nai-form
...naide kudasai. (Please do not ...)
23
...teimasu. (be ...ing)
mou ...mashita ka. (Have you already ...?)
24
[place]ni sunde imasu. (live in ...)
...ni tsutomete imasu. (work for ...)
...ga wakarimasu. (understand ...)
...o shitteimasu / shirimasen. (know/don't know ...)